Vulva and vagina: what’s the difference?

The vulva is the external part (the part you can see) of your genitals. It includes:

• The outer lips (labia majora): the folds of skin that cover the vulva.
• The inner lips (labia minora): the two skin folds under the outer lips. For most people who have a vulva, the inner lips stick out of the outer lips. They can also be longer on one side than the other.
• The clitoris: the sex organ that is entirely dedicated to pleasure! The external part of the clitoris is in the upper part of the vulva. You can see it by separating your inner lips. The clitoris extends inside the body along your vagina with two branches that fill with blood when aroused. 
• The urethra: the small hole where pee comes out, located over the vaginal opening.  

The vagina is the internal part of the genitals. It can be a source of pleasure when stimulated (by fingers, a sex toy, or a penis). During menstruation, blood comes out of the vagina. It is also through the vagina that a baby is pushed out following pregnancy.

I don’t see the difference

The human body is complex, it’s normal to have trouble identifying and distinguishing some parts of your body. It might help to try looking at your vulva through a mirror. By observing your body, you can get to know it and understand it better. 

Are my vulva and vagina normal?

You might notice your vulva change during puberty. In porn, you often see small inner lips that stay within the outer lips; but it’s very common for the inner lips to stick out from the outer ones. In fact, the colour, size, and shape of the inner and outer lips vary a lot from one person to another. 

There is no such thing as the perfect vulva: each one is unique! Avoid judging yourself or comparing yourself to others. Don’t forget that puberty isn’t over yet, and your body is still changing.

Vaginal Discharge and Odour

Vaginal discharge is totally normal. You will begin to see it in your underwear once puberty starts. It is a bit sticky and clear or whitish and its appearance changes based on your menstrual cycle.

It is also totally possible for you to notice that your vagina has a particular odour. The best way to keep it under control is to wash daily with water and mild soap.

If you feel uncomfortable you can change your underwear, use panty liners, or freshen up with a damp washcloth. However, it is important to avoid:

• Wearing tampons. Because there is such a small amount of vaginal discharge, a tampon can dry out your vagina and cause irritation.
• Vaginal douching. It is unnecessary and increases the risk of infection.

Vaginal discharge is different from lubrication, which occurs when you are sexually aroused.

If you have an increase in discharge, or if it has an unusual odour, we encourage you to talk to a healthcare professional.